Abstract:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1, co infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) challenges the immune system. Regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) is one of the natural ligands for the chemokine during infections such as HIV and by use of receptors ligand processes potently suppresses viral infection. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of HIV-1 on leukocytes while in association with HBV and HCV co infection, with possible of activation of RANTES G 28. Absolute CD4+, CD3+ count was determined by FACS caliber machine of Becton Dickinson while differential counts were analyzed by Abacus 5 automated Blood Analyzer. HCV was serotyped using HCV ELISA–MUREX anti-HCV while HBV using HBV Elisa-Hepanostika HBsAg Ultra. HIV-1 was determined by COBAS® AmpliPrep/COBAS® TaqMan. DNA was extracted using Qiagen reagents and Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using conventional PCR. The mean ± SD level of CD4 and neutrophils was lower than normal range but high with absolute lymphocytes. The effect of HIV-1/HBV reduced with an additional effect of CD3, CD4, absolute lymphocyte, basophils and platelets. The effect of HIV-1/HCV co infecion reduced with an additional effect of CD4, absolute lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils and the effect of HIV-1/HBV/HCV coinfection reduced with additional effect of CD4, absolute lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils. Out of the total blood samples, 76.9% HIV-1 expressed RANTES G 28, HIV-1/HBV (86%), HIV-1/HBV (83%) and HIV-1/HBV/HCV co infection (100%). RANTES G 28 positively correlated with HIV-1, HIV-1/HBV, HIV-1/HCV and HIV-1/HBV/HCV co infections, and also with all the leukocytes. The effect of RANTES G 28 effect was to increase in presence of HIV-1 infection, HIV/HBV and HIV-1/HBV/HCV co infection. RANTES G 28 effect also increased with additional effect of CD3, CD4, absolute lymphocytes, monocytes and platelets. A positive correlation was between RANTES G 28 and all the leukocytes. RANTES G 28 expression presented a mean ± SD levels of the maximum response of leukocytes to RANTES G 28 during the infections. Study generated baseline data conceived to be useful in monitoring the effect of HIV-1 infection, HIV-1/HBV, HIV-1/HCV infection on leukocytes also in presence of RANTES G 28. More research is required on HIV-1 and in presence of co infection and RANTES G 28.
