Assessment of Occupational Risk Factors and Health Effects of Computer Use amongst Bankers in Nairobi County Kenya

Abstract

The use of computers has increased significantly during the 21st century. Most financial institutions have integrated computer devices in their day-to-day operations. This has improved the productivity and efficiency of most employees. However, the use of computers has also been associated with adverse health effects. Some of the documented health issues caused by computers include visual disorders and Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study aimed to assess the occupational risk factors and health effects of computer use amongst bankers in Nairobi County Kenya. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the individual risk factors of computer use and their health effects amongst bankers in Nairobi County Kenya, to evaluate the environmental risk factors of computer use and their health effects amongst bankers in Nairobi County Kenya and to assess the level of knowledge and awareness on risk factors and health effects of computer use amongst bankers in Nairobi County Kenya. This study was anchored on the health brief theory and the Bio- psychosocial Model. The study applied proportionate stratified random sampling method. A sample size of 368 bank workers from across the 17 sub counties in Nairobi was enrolled into the study. Data was collected using semi structured questionnaires, observational checklist and taking actual measurement on the employees and the work environment. It was then analyzed using SPSS software Version 25 and then summarized using descriptive statistics. It was presented in form of pie charts, tables and bar graphs. Chi square was applied to demonstrate the strength of association between independent and dependent variables. Results showed prevalence of visual disorders with 54.1% of bank workers experiencing watery eyes while 50.3% of the workers experience burning senstaions. Results also indicated prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms amongst the bankers with workers experiencing neck pain taking up 19.9% of the population and a significant 19% having shoulder problems. From the study, individual risk factors such as body mass index (p=0.028), working duration before taking a break(p=0.048), working hours with computers(p=0.038) and number of hours spent sitting(p=0.037) were significantly associated with occurrence of musculoskeletal and visual symptoms. Ergonomic considerations such as use of adjustable seat heights(p=0.003) and well cushioned seats(p=0.002) were significantly associated with occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms. Results also showed that eye-related health effects were influenced by factors such as break frequency(p=0.004) and distance from the screen(p=0.045). The study recommends that it is imperative for organizations to implement tailored ergonomic guidelines and promote adherence to recommended break intervals so as to safeguard the musculoskeletal and visual health of employees engaged in prolonged computer use. Additionally, educational initiatives aimed at raising awareness about the importance of maintaining healthy weight, taking regular breaks, and optimizing workstation ergonomics could further enhance employee well being in the workplace. The study also recommends that organizations should incorporate ergonomics in the design of work places so as to promote health, comfort and efficiency at work place while preventing strain and injuries.