A Review of Wind Speed and Power Forecasting Techniques and Optimal Sizing of Battery Energy Storage Systems

Abstract

The incorporation of wind power into the electric power grid has seen tremendous growth in many countries across the globe. This is because of the many benefits wind energy possesses such as its environmental friendliness and declining cost. However, due to its intermittent and uncertain nature, its high penetration brings several hurdles in the operations and planning of power systems. For instance, maintaining balance between demanded power and supplied power, which is necessary for secure grid operation, becomes a challenge. To mitigate this challenge, several studies have proposed improved wind speed forecasting and the application of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). Therefore, this paper provides a detailed review of various wind energy forecasting techniques, both Artificial Intelligence and traditional statistical techniques, and optimal BESS sizing considerations and approaches, highlighting their various competing advantages and disadvantages. Lastly, the paper identifies possible areas in wind forecasting techniques and optimal storage sizing that require further exploration. Keywords - Artificial Intelligence, Battery Energy Storage System, Bio-inspired optimization, Wind forecasting techniques.