Effect of Paternal Genotypes Sprays with BA and IAA Concentration on Embryo Rescue of F1 Progenies from 'Askari' ( Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivar

Abstract

The major objective of seedless grape breeding prog ram is production of grapes with high quality. Breeding of seedless grapes is diffic ult because the embryos are aborted after fertilization. Embryo rescue technique is uti lized to obtain plants from crosses between seedless cultivars. In the present study, t he effect of paternal genotypes and different IAA concentrations in presence of BA appl ications were investigated on embryo rescue in Askari cultivar in randomized complete bl ock design with three replications. Sprays with BA were performed two times at 18 E-L a nd 27 E-L stages. Hybrid embryos were produced from the cross between Askari cultiva r as a female parent and Ruby Seedless, Bidane Sefid, and Bidane Ghermez as male parents. Forty days after pollination (at 29 E-L stage), ovules were cultured on NN mediu m with three different concentrations of IAA (1, 1.75, 3 mg L -1 ). The results showed that male genotypes and diffe rent concentrations of IAA on the media had a significan t effect on embryo germination. BA treatment did not affect the embryo germination sol ely. But, the effect of BA and different concentrations of IAA was significant on embryo ger mination. The best concentration of IAA with BA treatment was 1 mg L -1 and without BA was 3 mg L -1 . The highest embryo germination rate was observed in 'Askari×Ruby Seedl ess' cross that was pretreated with BA and cultured on medium with 1 mg L -1 IAA concentration. Keywords : Benzyladenine, Culture medium, Embryo rescue, Gra pevine, Seedlessness.