Abstract:
The use of computers has been associated with incidences of musculoskeletal discomforts among frequent
users. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal upper body discomforts
among frequent computer users and to determine the associated risk factors. Data was collected by
administering a modified Nordic questionnaire to 108 respondents of professional work groups from selected
workplaces in Kenya. Personal characteristics, job and workstation factors were tested to predict the
occurrence of neck, shoulder, upper back, hands/wrists and elbow discomforts. Binary logistic regression was
used to identify the associations between risk factors and outcome variables. Prevalence rates of the
discomforts were: neck (55.6%), shoulder (49.5%), upper back (45.8%), hands/wrists (27.1%) and elbows
(16.8%). Neck discomfort (35.0%) and shoulder discomfort (38.8%) were most prevalent among the
administration group, whereas wrists/hands discomfort (33.3%) and upper back discomfort (31.95) were
prevalent among bankers. The study revealed significant associations between the upper body
musculoskeletal discomforts and some of the potential risk factors. These risk factors were: computer work
time, sitting time, chair cushioned with padded front edge, posture of shoulders whilst keyboarding, gender
and unsupported hands/wrists. These findings suggest a widespread burden of upper body musculoskeletal
discomforts among various professionals principally attributed to recurring exposure to the ergonomic risk
factors. The study recommends that an integrated approach should be adopted by senior management in all
workplaces in the design and implementation of workplace ergonomics programmes aimed at reducing
exposure of employees to the risk factors associated with computer work.
