Assessment of Fluoride Levels in Different Water Sources in Lower Region of Bomet County, Kenya and Remediation Using Moringa oleifera Seed Cake

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dc.contributor.author Mosonik, Chelangat Bornes
dc.date.accessioned 2015-10-08T13:50:15Z
dc.date.available 2015-10-08T13:50:15Z
dc.date.issued 2015
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1745
dc.description A Thesis Submittted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Chemistry of Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology en_US
dc.description.abstract The use of water with high fluoride concentration poses a health threat to millions of people around the world, therefore there is need to determine the levels of fluoride in water for domestic use and to find ways of removing these ions from water. The objectives of the study were to assess the levels of fluoride in the water sources in the lower region of Bomet County and to determine remediation effectiveness of moringa oleifera seed cake. Water samples were collected in wet season in the month of April 2011 and dry season in the month of January 2012 from different water sources. The samples were analyzed for pH, Total dissolved solids, conductivity, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, F- and HCO3-. Ion selective electrode method, Thermo-Orion 96-09 model was used for the fluoride determination in the laboratory. Flame photometer was used for analysis of Na+ and K+ ions and Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was for Mg2+ and Ca2+ respectively. Bicarbonates were analyzed by standard method 920.194 (titration) approved by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Data obtained was subjected to Microsoft Excel and analysis of variance. For both dry and wet seasons, mean concentrations for all selected physico-chemical parameters were within the KEBS and WHO permissible limits except for fluorides in some sources (borehole and water pan water) were found to be above 1.5 mg/L permissible limit. Moringa oleifera seed cake was studied as an alternative adsorbent for removal of fluoride from aqueous solution. Biosorption kinetic data fitted well with pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2, 0.9805). The biosorption isotherms for the biosorbent fitted better with the Langmuir isotherm model than Freundlich isotherm model and therefore adsorption is limited to the formation of a monolayer. In conclusion, the study revealed that Moringa oleifera seed powder is an efficient biosorbent for removal of fluoride from aqueous solution. en_US
dc.description.sponsorship Signature_________________________________ Date_____________________ Prof. W.J Mavura, JKUAT, Kenya Signature_________________________________ Date_____________________ Dr. Jackson Kiptoo, JKUAT, Kenya en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher JKUAT en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseries MSc. Chemistry;2015
dc.title Assessment of Fluoride Levels in Different Water Sources in Lower Region of Bomet County, Kenya and Remediation Using Moringa oleifera Seed Cake en_US
dc.type Thesis en_US


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