Abstract:
Factor H is introduced for direct head loss calculation and sizing in dual-diameter
laterals of sprinkler and trickle irrigation systems when the Hazen-Williams equation is
to be applied. Application of this factor prevents trial and error and uses fewer head-loss
equations in calculating the total friction loss and designing dual-diameter laterals. The
proposed factor is a function of total number of outlets on the lateral, number of outlets
on the smaller-diameter section of the pipe and ratio of smaller diameter to the larger
diameter pipe. By solving two practical examples, the advantage of this factor over other
approaches was shown. It was also demonstrated that design of lateral sizing by the
given equations is simpler, easier and more accurate than the previous methods.
Keywords: Correction factor, Friction loss, Irrigation systems, Tapered lateral pipe.
