Abstract:
Genus
Onobrychis
is an important forage crop consisting of approxima
tely 130 annual
and perennial species. The present research focused
on the cytological studies of
Embryogenic (E) and Non-Embryogenic (NE) callus as
well as root meristem cells of
in
vitro
and
in vivo
grown plants. On the contrary to the previous stud
ies, a diploid
viciifolia
variety with 2n= 2x= 16 chromosomes was observed fo
r the first time in
Onobrychis
viciifolia
Scop
Syn.
Onobrychis sativa
L. Mitotic division was in general regular for all
the
growth conditions, but some such division irregular
ities as cytomixis, binucleate cells,
micronucleus, asynchronous nucleus and chromosome b
ridge were also observed
particularly in non-embryogenic callus samples. Rat
io of nuclear to cell area of callus was
slightly less than those in
in vivo
and
in vitro
values. Polyploidy level of DNA (C-value)
was only indicated in callus.
G
1
had the highest percentage of nucleus among differ
ent
stages of the interphase in
in vitro
and
in vivo
growth cultures. Karyotypic formula was 10
m+6 sm and a secondary constriction was distinguish
ed in the short arm of the second
pair chromosomes. Ultimately, scanning electron mic
roscopy was employed to
differentiate between root cells of the
in vitro
and
in vivo
growth systems.
