Efficient Protocol for Protoplast Isolation and Pla nt Regeneration of Fritillaria imperialis L.

Abstract

The present study reports an efficient protocol for isolation and regeneration of protoplasts from callus of Fritillaria imperialis L. There is no published method recommended for protoplast isolation and regenerati on from Fritillaria imperialis L. A range of factors, which influence the success of is olation and regeneration of F. imperialis protoplasts, were investigated. From the results ob tained, callus Fresh Weight (FW) of 0.4 g produced the highest number of viable protoplasts , which was 1.12×10 5 protoplasts g -1 FW. The highest amount of viable protoplasts (1.01× 10 5 protoplasts g -1 FW) was obtained when the mannitol concentration was maintained at 9 % (w/v). The best treatment for isolation of F. imperialis protoplast (1.37×10 5 protoplasts g -1 FW) was treatment with 2% cellulase and 0.1% pectinase with 9% mannitol for 8 h. For enhancement of the protoplasts division and the percentage of colony f ormation, different concentrations from Casein Hydrolysate (CH), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyac etic acid (2,4-D) and Benzyl- Adenine (BA) were used. The results revealed that c ell wall and colony formation were better in liquid medium than those on semi-solid me dium. The highest plating efficiency (1.26×10 6 per g FW) and highest callus formation were obtain ed using the medium containing 0.5 mg L –1 2,4-D, 1 mg L –1 BA, and 200 mg L –1 CH. Micro-calli were formed after one month of culture. Many plantlets were for med on the calli after transfer of the proliferated calli to regeneration medium. The high est plantlet regeneration (100%) was obtained using the medium containing 0.5 mg L –1 (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) NAA and 1.5 mg L –1 BA. Keywords: Callus formation, Medium, Protoplast culture, Viabi lity.