Genetic Diversity in Iranian Fennel ( Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) Populations Based on Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) Markers

Abstract

To evaluate the genetic variations in eleven fenne l populations in Iran, 55 accessions were analyzed by SRAP markers. Twelve primer combin ations produced 171 polymorphic bands. The cumulative dendrogram deline ated fennel accessions into five major groups in accordance to the geographical regi ons from which the populations were originated. About 43.57% of total genetic variation was detected among the populations, while 56.43% of total variation were observed withi n the populations. The studied populations showed high genetic differentiation (Gs t= 0.52) and low gene flow (Nm= 0.46). Among the studied populations, Yazd and Kerman acco unted for the highest values of PPB (%), Shanon index (I), and heterozygosity. The self-pollinated seeds were in the range of 2.01% in Paveh-2 to 9.24% in Isfahan-2 acc essions. The essential oil content ranged from 0.62% in Isfahan-3 to 2.21% in Tabriz-3 . Generaly, the dwarf populations viz ., Tabriz and Paveh, had higher essential oil yield and their pollination was less affected by environmental factors than the average. Keywords : Apiaceae, Genetic differentiation, Molecular mark er, Pollination, Variation.