Abstract:
Pureline selection was applied in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat population
s (SHW),
obtained from irradiated seeds with 150 Gy gamma rays and compared with their
corresponding controls. The selection was performed in progenies of 20 initial plants from
three amphiploids (8 from SHW32, 4
-
SHW106 and 8
-
SHW107) generating 19 M
1
-
3
and
19 C
2
-
5
lines. Two families did not survive winter in the first year. All selected lines
expressed high germination, intermediate type
of growth in winter and good seed set in
the field conditions. The irradiation of seeds did not influence the germin
ation and winter
survival of the SHW plants. The response to direct selection was based on the mean
performance of progenies for grain number and kernel weight per main spike and the
selected elite plants in M
3
and C
4
-
5
generations. The coefficient of heri
tability and genetic
advance for these traits were highest in SHW106, followed by SHW32.
SHW
107
displayed
the largest morphological variability and sterility during the investigated period.
All
synthetics formed long, but sparse ears with seed fertility be
ing lower than their
tetraploid parents, but elite plants of SHW32 and 106 were equaled to tetraploid parent
No 45432 on grain weight per major spike in 2013.
Seed irradiation with
150
Gy
gamma
rays did not cause any effects on the two investigated traits.
The selected subset of 10 lines
from the three amphiploids represents a source of spike productivity for use in wheat
breeding programs to enhance yield potential.
Keywords
: Field emergence, Genetic parameters, Irradiation, Synthetic hexaploid wheat,
Wint
er survival.
