Abstract:
Geoid determination is one of the main current geodetic problems in Kenya. This is
because a geoid model is required to convert ellipsoidal heights to orthometric
heights that are used in practice. A local geometric geoid covering Nairobi County
and its environs has been determined by a geometric approach. Nineteen points
levelled by both Global Positioning System (GPS) and precise levelling techniques in
the area of study have been used. Seven triangulation points have been used for the
determination of transformation parameters between World Geodetic System 1984
(WGS84) and Arc‐Datum 1960 coordinates in order to express the local geoid height
as a function of position. The geoid height is expressed as a function of the local
plane coordinates through a biquadratic surface polynomial, using 14 GPS/levelling
points. Five points have been used for testing the results. The experience with
Nairobi County and its environs geometric geoid indicates that interpolation of
geoid heights in a small area by a biquadratic polynomial is simple and it works well.
The geoid heights obtained by biquadratic polynomial (interpolation) compare
favourably on the test points with root mean square and standard deviation of 1cm
in the area of study. This accuracy is sufficient for most engineering projects.
